The three sen in kendo, mitsu-no-sen
 

The lengendary swordsman Miyamoto Musashi mentions the three sen (before, ahead) as a method of strategy by taking the lead or initiative. Taking the lead, initiative requires you to see through the opponent's spirit and strategy in order to defeat him. Practicing sen falls into the realm of keiko in which each opponent is different, and each timing and strategy instance is unique.
The mitsu-no-sen or three types of sen are described as follows:

Sen no sen
Attacking the moment the opponent decides to attack.
Waza: debana
Tai no sen
Attacking as the opponent starts an attack.
Waza: nuki
Go no sen
Striking or parrying the opponent's shinai, then striking the opponent as his attack diminishes.
Waza: kaeshi, suriage, uchiotoshi


The best moment to strike (datotsu-no-koki)
Datotsu-no-koki means "the best moment to strike" and differs slightly with sen. While sen involves a keen insight into the opponent's strategy and beating the opponent's sen, datotsu-no-koki is the specific opportunity of for an attack.

Attacking the moment the opponent decides to attack.
Waza: debana

Striking as the opponent's attack diminishes.
Waza: harai, oikomi, uchiotoshi

Reference:
The book of five rings Miyamoto Musashi, Kendo Dictionary, Ben Sheppard mittsu no sen chart,


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